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Trail of Tears
Jayden, Alex, Tiffany, Samyah “The Cherokee removal was the cruelest work I ever knew.” In 1838 and 1839 as part of the Andrew Jackson’s removal policy, the Cherokee Indians were forced to give up their lands and to relocate to an area in Oklahoma. The Cherokee people called the journey “The Trail of Tears” because of the terrible things that happened. Many people died during that time from diseases, cold and starvation. They were forced to live in cramped, filthy divisions, and their foods were sold. The Trail of Tears is the most unfortunate reminder of the violence and broken promises that the U.S. government used to force Indians off their own land. The Oregon Trail
By Bea I, Frida, Bea Z The Oregon trail is an important part to our history because it helped pioneers travel west from Independence Missouri to Oregon City or California in covered wagon trains. The wagons were pulled by Oxen or horses and most of the time there was not much space in the wagon, so the pioneers had to walk behind or beside the wagons so that pioneers could keep the things that were needed for survival. The Oregon trail crossed over six different states which include Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Wyoming, Idaho, Oregon. That’s 2,000 miles long! Pioneers traveled west for many different reasons. One reason was that pioneers were looking for better farm land. Another reason was pioneers were hoping to find gold and become rich. Pioneers had many dangerous challenges along the way. A very common disease was cholera a deadly disease. They could also get run over by the wagon. Colds could also lead to death. Many times people would get exhausted and would have to take a break. It took a very long time to get to get to Oregon City. When white settlers were allowed to go on a wagon train were all wagons were attached and one driver for all wagons but no black were allowed on board. The most wagons allowed is 200 or least is 10. Most pioneers traveled in the spring so it was quite busy in the spring because of else they would be stuck in the snow if they travel later. A lot of people think that native americans were violent. However this hardly happens it is rare. Some native tribes were very helpful to pioneers traveling west. For example some showed where the closest water was. It’s 2,000 miles long and that's long considering pioneers travel by small wagon pulled by horse or oxen to get around. The Oregon Trail was a popular trail and very well known. The Gold Rush
Diego Milord and Alaedin Alsaidi The Gold Rush happened in January, 1849 when a man named James Marshall was building a sawmill and he saw gold. People from all over the world started to come to San francisco, California, hoping to be as lucky as James Marshall. Settlers sold their houses and the Gold Rush brought them and they left everything. They had to cross mountains, rivers and streams. Depending on where they came from, it took a long time. When people mined they got money from the gold. Gold was found in rocks and river beds. When they mined it took a lot of work. They used tools like a shovel, pan, axes and pick. They used a cradle to wash large amounts of gold. People that mined are called prospectors. Even children mined. When there were big amounts of gold left they used a machine called dredges. Another way they mined is called hydraulic mining. That is when they have pipes with strong water pressure that moves the dirt and the rocks to find gold and hopefully get rich. Mining could be dangerous, sometimes people died because rocks would fall on their heads or they would fall down mining holes. Miners past through the chilkoot mountains to get to california. California is close to mexico so people came from mexico. Some people killed other people over gold nuggets. The gold back then was precious to them. Native Americans
Chloe Ramirez & Sofia Lindeman Back in the 1700s and the mid 1800s, the Native Americans, or Indigenous People back then were known as Indians. They were one of the first people to arrive in America. They used all of the parts of one buffalo and made what they had from the buffalo. Here are some of the things that the Native Americans used a buffalo for: food, supplies, decorations, and clothes. Native Americans lived throughout North and South America. In the United States, there were Native Americans all around the world like in Hawaii, Alaska, and the mainland of the United States. In the middle of the country lived the plains Indians, including tribes such as Comanche and Arapaho. Native Americans had different tribes and some of the names of the tribes were Iroquois, Sioux, Navajo, Cherokee, Powhatan, Pequot, Lenni Lenape, Chinook, and Wampanoag. About 300 Sioux Indians were killed. According to the U.S. Bureau, the largest tribal groups in the U.S. are the Cherokee, Navajo, Chippewa (Ojibwa), Apache, Choctaw, Iroquois, Lumbee, Pueblo, and Sioux (Lakota). Native Americans used words that we use now, and I am going to name most of them. Like chia, chili, chocolate, coyote, guacamole, mesquite, peyote, shack, tamale, tomato, abalone, bayou, cannibal, Chinook, manatee, poncho, and potato. 5 Fun-Facts about Native Americans: 1. The Sequoia tree is named in honor of the Cherokee leader Sequoyah, who helped his people develop an alphabet. 2. By the time Christopher Columbus returned to the New World, European diseases had killed over two thirds of Native Americans. 3.American Indians did not receive U.S. citizenship until 1924. 4.The word “barbecue” is from the Arawakan Indian language meaning “framework of sticks”. 5.Even though they were not citizens, over 8,000 Native Americans served during WWI Gold Rush
By John Jones and Justin Sanchez If you didn’t know, In San Francisco, California was a mass movement called the Gold Rush which was in the west and when through 1848 to 1857. The Gold Rush was a very very important part in our history. There was a man named, James Marshell who in 1848 saw the building of a sawmill. This man was the right hand man to John Sutter. The gold rush had more than 300,000 people or more come to the get gold. People barely made money off the gold they found cause they barely found any. While it was James Marshell’s break, he sat right beside the river when something that he saw caught his eye. It was very shiny, GOLD. Then the gold rush made settlers from around the world rich. The gold rush was in many different places like in Canada in a place called Nome, also in San Francisco, California. The California Gold Rush was a real important part in history. The gold rush will inspire so many kids, teens, adults, and elderlys. It might not be the MOST important part in our history of earth but it’s a learning experience, A learning experience for everyone. The Trail Of Tears
Kylie Parker & Kymora Paul On May 26, 1838, president Andrew Jackson was getting complaints from many different countries that the Indians, were getting too much farmland than other countries. So, this is how the trail of tears started, first, came the Indian removal act, an act were president Jackson did not want to upset or disappoint the complaining countries that were saying how the Indians were getting way too much farmland. So president Jackson started removing Indian tribes (specifically, the Cherokee) by forcing them to leave their homes just because of how much farmland they owned! (That probably feels like being forced or kicked out of your house/apartment.) When the Trail of Tears began, U.S. troops rounded up the cherokees and from their traditional lands in southern appalachian held them in camps then forced them to reload the Indian Territory, on present day Oklahoma. After president Jackson kicked the Indian tribes out of their homes, he made them walk (probably barefoot) all the way from Georgia to the west coast, and only the injured and elderly got to ride in the wagons! Everyone else had to walk behind the wagons. But the reason it is called the “ Trail of Tears,” is because of how so many people died along the way from sickness, starvation, and more. After a tribe member dies, a few other tribe members would dig a hole and bury them there and they would keep moving. About 13,000 Cherokee had to be moved between september and November. Lewis And Clark
Marcos, Ky, Azaani, Santiago Thomas Jefferson purchased from France Louisiana territory. Meriwether Lewis Jefferson's personal secretary. William Clark got chosen by Lewis to go on a amazing journey to find the water route to the pacific ocean with Lewis. The journey began May 14, 1804. So the so the trip began! They ran into some Native American tribes on the way some were nice like the Shoshone and some attacked them like the Blackfoot. They went through things like Indian attacks but before that they met the Mandan Native americans in North Dakota. Sometimes they even had to pull the boats up some rivers. They got to three forks and met Sacagawea and Toussaint Charbonneau. They both were in the Shoshone tribe. Sacagawea helped alot with routs. On the way back a lot of the people were starving but they were okay. Also, other than them starving, they fought the Blackfeet` indians. Finally they came back from their crazy journey in Sept.23, 1806. The First Ever Transcontinental Railroad
By Otto Yu and Lucian Pouthier The transcontinental railroad was a big part of the later Westward Expansion. It brought pioneers to the west in a safer and faster way than traveling in a covered wagon. For a long time people argued weather to build it following a southern route, which started in Texas New Mexico and ended in Los Angeles California, or a central route, which went from Omaha Nebraska to Sacramento California. Eventually the central route was chosen when Abraham Lincoln signed the pacific railroad act in 1862 ,completing the railroad was a very important thing to him, which consisted of two railroads the central pacific railroad and the union pacific railroad. The union pacific railroad coming out to 1,086 miles was mostly worked on by Irish laborers and the central pacific railroad coming out to 690 miles was mostly worked on by chinese laborers. Building the railroad took a lot of work, the workers had to blow holes in the side of mountains just to make room for the railroad. Eventually the two railroads met and the golden spike was hammered down. The golden spike was the last spike to be planted on the railroad. It was planted may 10th 1869 in Utah, which completed the railroad, and made it the first ever Transcontinental railroad. FUN FACTS
The Homestead Act
by Atticus Radwell and Lillian Graves The Homestead Act started in 1862, signed in office by Abraham Lincoln. Originally President James Buchanan had the bills and the responsibility for the homestead act but later the bills and responsibility for this act was passed onto President Abraham Lincoln. What was the Homestead Act? It was allowing everyone, even freed slaves to have up to 160 acres of land in the west, that was federal land “in all, more than 270 million acres of public land, or nearly 10% of the total area of the U.S., was given away free to 1.6 million homesteaders.” But to Homestead you had to be 21 years or older and be an american citizen or intend to be. You also had to be the head of the family if you wanted to homestead(you had to sign a paper to be the head of the family) . People who fought in the Army or Navy could homestead younger than 21, which was a good advantage . But if you hold arms which means hold a weapon against the government,then you can not homestead. That shows that a lot of people used this opportunity and that a lot of people moved to the west. The land was for free or really little, but to keep the the land you had to maintain it. Why would the Government give away free land you may ask? They did this because most of the east was completed and the the west side was a whole new land. The Government wanted people to move to the west, so this was a bait to bring people to the west and it worked, bringing 1.6 million people to the west. Before the Civil War people voted against Homesteading. People did not want this because the people who did live there did not want people to have free land where they lived. It happened during the civil war. It said that adult citizen and intended ones could claim 160 acres that belonged to the government. That could only happen if they have never “borne arms” against the U.S. government. The reason I think Homestead act was important in our history is because it gave people an equal opportunity to own free land. The Homestead Act brought many people to the west, and without that not as many people would be able to live in the west. By granting the 160 acres to these people, it gave men and women a “fair chance.” this historical event is also important because it contributed to american settlement in western states and territories. The homestead act offered a potential route out of poverty and encouraged more immigration from Europe. |
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February 2017
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